I-Alpha-fetoprotein - i-protein okuthiwa, ekhishwa endleleni yokugaya nesibindi somntwana ongakazalwa. Imisebenzi yayo ihlanganisa ukuthutha izakhi ezivela kumama ukuya emntwaneni. Ngendlela, yilo protheyini evikela umbungu ekulahleni isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela komzimba womama. Kuyo yonke inkathi yokuthuthukiswa kwengane, ukuhlushwa kwe-AFP ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kukhula kokubili egazini legazi futhi egazini likaMama. Ngenyanga yokuqala yokukhulelwa, i-alpha-fetoprotein ikhiqizwa ngumzimba ophuzi wama-ovari, futhi kusukela emavikini angu-5 nesikhathi sonke sokubeletha lesi prothini sikhiqizwa yi-fetus ngokwayo. Ukuhlushwa okukhulu kwe-AFP egazini kutholakala esikhathini samasonto angu-32-34, bese kuqala ukuhla kancane kancane.
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-AFP ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, njengomthetho, kwenzeke ngeviki le-12-14 leli gama. Lesi sibonakaliso siyadingeka ekunqumeni ukungavamile kokuthuthukiswa kwengane ezingeni le-chromosomal, pathologies yokuthuthukiswa kwesimiso sezinzwa, kanye nokukhubazeka ekwakheni nasekuthuthukiseni kwezitho zangaphakathi. Ngakho-ke, odokotela baqapha ngokucophelela ukugxilwa kwaleli protheyini kuyi-serum yowesifazane okhulelwe.
I-AFP - iyinto evamile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Ithebula elingezansi likhombisa i-AFP ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi inkomba ye-AFP ekukhulelweni, kanye nabesifazane abangakhulelwe nabesilisa abadala, ingaba nokubekezelelana, inani layo livela ku-0.5 kuya ku-2.5 MoM (ukuphindaphindana okuphindaphindiwe). Ukuphambuka kuncike esikhathini sokukhulelwa, kanye nemibandela ye-sampuli yegazi.
AFP ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Izinga elikhuphukile le-AFP ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungaba isibonakaliso sokuxwayisa, kulokhu kuyadingeka ukuxilonga izifo ezilandelayo ze-fetal:
- i-necrosis yesibindi, eyenzeka ngemva kwesifo esithathelwanayo somama;
- isifo sezinso;
- hernia umbilical;
- i-anencephaly;
- i-spina bifida;
- ukuhlukumeza kwendonga yangaphakathi kwesisu;
- ezinye izinkinga .
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-AFP ephakeme kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ingenzeka ngokukhulelwa okuningi.
Inkomba ephansi ye-AFP ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ingatholakala ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- i-trisomy 18;
- I-Down syndrome;
- isikhumba sesisindo ;
- ukubambezeleka kokuthuthukiswa komntwana;
- i-hydrocephalus;
- ukukhulelwa okucabangayo;
- ukuphumula okungahambi kahle;
- ukufa kwe-fetus.
Ngezinye izikhathi ukuncipha kwe-AFP ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuyisibonakaliso sokungalungi isikhathi.
I-AFP nokuhlolwa kathathu
Ukuhlaziywa kwegazi le-AFP ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kunikeza izinkomba ezinokwethenjelwa uma ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanye nocwaningo lwe-ultrasound, ukuzimisela kwezinga le-estriol yamahhala nama-hormone e-placental. Ukuhlaziywa kwazo zonke izinkomba ezibalwe, kanye ne-AFP kanye ne-hCG ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kubizwa ngokuthi "ukuhlolwa kathathu".
Igazi nge-AFP ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuvame ukuthathwa emthonjeni. Ukuhlaziywa kufanele kuthathwe ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho. Uma ngosuku lokuhanjiswa kwalolu hlalutyo usaluma noma, isibonelo, kufanele uthole isidlo sasekuseni, ngakho-ke kufanele kudlule amahora angu-4-6 ngemuva kwesidlo sokugcina, ngaphandle kwalokho umphumela uzobe ungathembeki.
Uma kwenzeka ukuhlaziywa kwe-AFP ekukhulelweni