Idolobha elingcolile kakhulu emhlabeni

Uhlu lwamadolobha angcolile emhlabeni wonke luhlanganisa izindawo ezinkulu, okuphilayo okubhekene nokukhishwa ngokweqile ... Le nkinga kuwumthwalo we-Blacksmith Institute - inhlangano engekho inzuzo e-United States. Ngakho-ke, ake sithole ukuthi yiliphi idolobha eliye lalingcolisa kakhulu ku-rating ka-2013.

Amadolobha ayishumi aphezulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni

  1. Ekuqaleni kokungcola kwemvelo yi- Chernobyl yase-Ukraine engathandekayo. Izinto ezinomsakazo eziphonswa emoyeni ngenxa yengozi ye technogenic ngo-1986 kusenomthelela omubi emvelweni wendawo. Indawo yokuhlukanisa ihlukaniswe i-30 km ngaseChernobyl.
  2. E- Norilsk yinkimbinkimbi enkulu kunazo zonke ze-planet, ephonsa amathani wezinto ezinobuthi emoyeni. I-Cadmium, i-lead, i-nickel, i-zinc, i-arsenic nezinye izidakamizwa zinobuthi umoya ongenhla kwedolobha, izakhamuzi zazo zibhekene nezifo zokuphefumula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, asikho isitshalo esisinda endaweni engamakhilomitha angu-50 ezungeze indawo ye-Norilsk yemboni, okuholela ohlwini lwamadolobha angu-10 angcolile eRussia (endaweni yesibili yiMoscow ).
  3. I-Dzerzhinsk idolobha elincanyana e-Nizhny Novgorod esifundeni saseRussia. Lapha kukhona amafektri embonini yamakhemikhali, ehlambalaza kakhulu umoya nomzimba wamanzi wendawo. Inkinga enkulu kunazo zonke engaxazululwanga kaDzerzhinsk yindlela yokusetshenziswa kwemfucuza yezidakamizwa (phenol, sarin, dioxin), ngoba, ngenxa yesimo sezinto eziphilayo, izinga lokufa edolobheni liphakeme kakhulu kunezinga lokuzalwa. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi iDniprodzerzhinsk ungenye yemizi engcolile e-Ukraine.
  4. Ukukhishwa kwe-lead - inkathazo edolobhaneni lamaminerali laseLaoroya , elisePeru. Ziziphindwe kathathu kunesijwayelekile, ezithinta kakhulu impilo yabakhileyo edolobheni. Futhi, nakuba eminyakeni yamuva nje ukukhishwa kwamandla kuye kwehla kancane, inani lezinto ezinobuthi endaweni esitshalweni lizobhubhisa imvelo iminyaka eminingi ezayo. Lokhu kuqhubeka nokukhungatheka ngokungabikho kwezinyathelo zokuhlanza indawo.
  5. Idolobha elikhulu laseChina lakwaTianjin liphakathi kwezinye izinto ezidolobheni elikhulu elizimboni ekukhiqizeni izinsimbi ezinzima. Amadaka okuhola amakhulu kakhulu kangangokuba afakwa emanzini nasemhlabathini ngobuningi, yingakho ngisho nezitshalo zamasiko zalendawo ziqukethe inani elikhulu lokuhola, izikhathi eziningi eziphakeme kunomkhuba. Kodwa ngenxa yobulungiswa kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi umbuso wenza imizamo emikhulu yokulwa nokungcoliswa kwemvelo.
  6. Umkhathi e-Mount Linfien ungcoliswe kakhulu ngamakhemikhali aphilayo akhiwa emva kwamalahle avuthayo. Lona iphutha lamaminithi omthetho wendawo nezomthetho ezisendaweni yaseLinfyn. Ngendlela, enye yemizi engcolile eChina yiBeijing, okuhlala kuyo yonke indawo i-smog ephuzi.
  7. I-quarry enkulu kakhulu yokukhishwa kwe-chrome ore e- India i- Sukinda . Njengoba i-toxic kakhulu, i-chrome ingena ngisho nasemanzini okuphuza alo mkhakha, okwenza abantu bathole ukutheleleka kwamathumbu emathumbu emathunjini. Futhi yikuphi okudabukisayo kakhulu, akukho umzabalazo nokungcoliswa kwemvelo ejikelezayo.
  8. Omunye umuzi waseNdiya, "odume" ngokungcola kwawo, nguVapi . Itholakala endaweni yezimboni eningizimu yezwe. Amalenta ezinsimbi ezisindayo yizibhamu zangempela kule ndawo, ngoba okuqukethwe kwe-mercury emanzini lapha kunamakhulu izikhathi eziphakeme kunemingcele evumelekile.
  9. Amazwe omhlaba wesithathu nawo ahlupheka ngenxa yezinto eziphilayo ezimbi - ikakhulukazi, iZambia. Isifunda saseKabwe kuleli zwe liqukethe amaholo amakhulu okuhola, ukuthuthukiswa okusebenzayo okubangela ukulimala okungenakuqhathaniswa nabantu bendawo. Noma kunjalo, isimo lapha singcono kunamanye amadolobha, kubhekwa njengento engcolile kakhulu, ngoba ukuhlanzwa kwe-Kabwe, i-World Bank inikeze cishe amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-40.
  10. E-Azerbaijan, eduze kwedolobha laseSumgait , insimu enkulu inesitokisi semfucuza . La makhemikhali aqala ukuvala indawo yezimboni ngisho nangezikhathi zeSoviet Union. Namuhla iningi lazo alisasebenzi, kepha udoti luyaqhubeka ludla umhlabathi namanzi.

Ngaphezu kwalezi eziyishumi, amadolobha angcolile kunazo zonke emhlabeni jikelele nawo abuyele eCairo, eNew Delhi, i-Accra, iBaku nabanye, naseYurophu - eParis, eLondon nase-Athene.