Inkulumo ethi "Ibhokisi likaPandora" lafika kithi lisuka eGrisi lasendulo, liba ngumuntu wezinto eziphuthumayo nezinhlekelele. Kukhona inguqulo, okuthiwa into eyenziwa yiPandora intombazane, amaGreki abiza ngenye indlela. Kodwa, ngokuhumusha le mythani, isazi sesayensi u-Erazim Rotterdam wabiza le ndaba ebhokisini emsebenzini wakhe wesayensi "IzAga." Kule fomu, leli zwi lisekhona kuze kube namuhla.
Ibhokisi likaPandora - liyini?
Ibhokisi likaPandora liyi-casket lapho kwenziwa khona izinhlekelele nezifo, isipho esinzima esilungiselwe abantu ngesiqu sesiGreki seZeus. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inkulumo ethi "ibhokisi likaPandora" liye laphendulwa ngamaphiko, futhi lathola incazelo ephindwe kabili:
- Ukuzenzekela kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezifo.
- Umuntu othanda kakhulu kakhulu, owathi, ngokubekezela kwakhe, angazilimaza yena nabanye.
Le nkolelo yayithandwa kakhulu kokubili amaGreki namaRoma, kuzo zombili izinganekwane, icala lalokho okwenzekile labeka onkulunkulu noPandora, owavula leli bhokisi. Okuthakazelisayo nokunye ukuhumusha, kwavela ngekhulu le-17, ngenxa yabakhi befashini. Ukuze kuboniswe izingubo ezimfashini, kwakhiwa ama-mannequins, ayewafaka ngokuzithandela ezindlini zabacebile. Lezi zibalo zazibizwa ngokuthi iPandora, ngoba:
- amodoli avula amakhofu ngezingubo;
- izinhlekelele zaphenduka ubuhle bezinto ezifashini futhi zahlakazeka emhlabeni jikelele, zinika abesifazane injabulo.
Ibhokisi likaPandora - inganekwane noma ngokoqobo?
Ososayensi bebelokhu bephikisana ngamashumi eminyaka ngokuthi ibhokisi likaPandora likhona ngempela. Uma sithatha isisekelo sokuthi ngaphambi kokuvela eMhlabeni wePandora ngemithwalo eyingozi, isintu sasingazi izifo, singacabanga ukuthi ngumbuzo wokuthuthukiswa komncintiswano. Kukhona izinguqulo ezenziwe yi-casket engaqondakali ye-Pandora:
- Inhlekelele yemvelo eyashintsha izakhi zofuzo zabantu.
- Isipho sezentuthuko zangaphandle ezenza ukuhlolwa kwabantu bomhlaba.
- Into eyabhubhisa imiphakathi ephakeme kakhulu yeplanethi yethu, ishiya enye eyasinda, kodwa yalahlekelwa yizinguquko ezenziwe ngempilo kanye nokukwazi ukulawula amandla.
IThe Legend of the Box of Pandora
Umbuzo uvele ngokushesha: kungani umkhumbi wezinhlekelele uhlotshaniswa negama lentombazane, hhayi uZeus, owawuqala? Le ndaba ilandiswa ngqungquthela ngebhokisi likaPandora, okuyinto izakhamuzi zaseHellas zilondolozile. Lapho abantu bevutha ngomlilo we-titane ka-Prometheus futhi babesilingana nabonkulunkulu, ababusi base-Olympus bathukuthela kakhulu futhi banquma ukujezisa wonke umuntu. Bakha ubuhle bePandora, ukuze eze eMhlabeni ibhokisi elinenkathazo.
Igama lihunyushwe ngokuthi "bonke abanesiphiwo", unkulunkulu ngamunye uzame ukunika intombazane izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu:
- UHephaestus waveza isithombe esimangalisayo;
- U-Aphrodite unelungelo lobuhle;
- U-Athena walungisa izingubo ezicebile kakhulu;
- UHera wanikeza ingqondo enkulu;
- I-Hermes - ukuhlakanipha nokuqonda;
- UZeus waphefumulela umphefumulo nokuzifunela okungenakuphikiswa.
Kungani sidinga ibhokisi lePandora?
Ibhokisi likaPandora liyinganekwane, efana nezindaba zehhashi leThrojani, ngoba intombazana yona ayengazi ukuthi kungani ethunyelwe kuphi nokuthi kungani ithunyelwe, futhi ngisho nangemithwalo engaqondakali uThunderbird ngokwakhe anike yona. Ekuqaleni, umfazi omuhle wanikezwa u-Prometheus, kodwa wenqaba, ngoba wayelindele amaqhinga angcolile avela konkulunkulu. U-Pandora wathandana nomzalwane we-titan, u-Epitem, futhi wamukelwa endlini yakhe nge-dowry ephansi. Ngokwencwadi yamaRoma imithwalo yomakoti yayilethwe unkulunkulu uMercury ngokwakhe.
Ibhokisi lePandora lisho ukuthini isijeziso esiyinkimbinkimbi kubantu, okuyinto uZey ekulungiselelwe. Futhi kamuva waba ngumuntu walokho akuqalayo:
- inkathazo;
- izifo;
- izinhlekelele.
Yini ebhokisini likaPandora?
Abanye abacwaningi bacabanga ukuthi okuqukethwe kwesipho sikaZeyus kwakubhalwe ngokuhlakanipha ngababikezeli basendulo. Imfihlakalo ebhokisini likaPandora liye lahlala lichazwe ngamakhulu eminyaka, kanti izinkinga nezifo ezifakwe emkhunjini zingachazwa ngokuthi:
- amagciwane abulalayo noma ayingozi;
- engabonakali kwimbewu yamehlo, enobuthi emhlabeni;
- imisebe, ekhangela zonke izinhlobo zama-cataclysms.
Uma sicabanga ukuthi onkulunkulu basezikhathini zasendulo abantu babiza abafokazi bezinye amaplanethi, kunengqondo ngempela ukuvuma ukuba khona kwebhokisi elinokuqukethwe okuyingozi. Le nguqulo iphinde isekelwe yiqiniso lokuthi uZeus wadala izinsalela zeziyimungulu ukuze zihlasele abantu ngokuthula futhi zingenakuqonda. Ngempela, amagciwane kanye nemisebe ayibonakali iso lomuntu. Izazi zefilosofi zichaza ukuthi yiyiphi indlela yenkolelo-mbono ngendlela yabo, okuthiwa ibhokisi likaPandora laliyisitsha sezinto ezimbi ezasakazeka emhlabeni jikelele.
Ubani owavula ibhokisi likaPandora?
UZeus wamvimbela uPandora ukuba avule isipho, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kulindeleke ukuthi ubuhle obuhlakaniphile abukwazi ukumelana nesilingo. Imfihlakalo ebhokisini likaPandora yaphela ngokushesha ukuba ibe njalo, okhethiweyo onkulunkulu babuza mayelana nokuqukethwe. Izinganekwane zithi kusukela lapho kwavela izidalwa ezincane ezaqala ukushaya intombazane. Uma sithembele kulesi sichasiso, singacabanga ukuthi empeleni owesifazane omuhle wakhipha izinambuzane - abathwali bezinkinga ezimbi. Mayelana nezihluthulelo zezingoma zebhokisi likaPandora zithule. Ezinkondlweni zabanye abarobi abangamaGreki kuthiwa uZeyvs ngokwakhe uzinikele ukhiye kule ntombazane.
Yini esele ebhokisini lePandora?
Izinganekwane zithi emva kokuba ubuhle buvule ikhekhethi eliyingozi futhi lahlaselwa yizidalwa ezinamaphiko, ngokushesha wavala isembozo. Kodwa-ke izwi lomuntu langitshela ukuba ngiyivule futhi ngiphulukise emanxebeni. Lokhu kusho uNadezhda, okuyinto uZe wanikeza abantu induduzo. Khona-ke kwakunezinhlobonhlobo ezimbili zezenzakalo:
- UPandora walalela, wakhulula uNadezhda futhi waphulukiswa.
- Intombazane yesaba ukuvula i-casket futhi, i-Vain Hope yahlala kuze kube phakade.
Yini esele phansi ebhokisini likaPandora? Ngokwesinye sezihumusho zanamuhla, emkhunjini enezinambuzane kwakukhona i-antidote, efana negesi. Kodwa akuvimbeli umonakalo ngezizathu ezinjalo ezinokwenzeka:
- le nto yayincane;
- igesi yakhululwa emkhunjini kakhulu, abathwali begciwane babesakaze bahlakazeka;
- i-antivenom ayizange ithinte zonke izisulu.
Ezikhathini zasendulo ukuphela kwenganekwane ngebhokisi likaPandora kwahunyushwa kanje: kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuhlupheka kungase kuwele, umuntu uyohlale esekelwe ithemba. Okusemabhokisini asePandora, kusekhona imfihlakalo. Abafilosofi badonsela iziphetho zabo: okuhle nokubi akuveli ndawo, badalwa ngabantu ngokwabo. Futhi kuncike kwisinqumo somuntu, yikuphi okuzokwenza, nokuthi uzohlala nobani: ngokuphelelwa yisikhathi ngobubi noma nethemba lokuhle.