Ukunikezwa kwezakhi ezivela kumama kuya emfubeni, kanye nokuhoxiswa kwemikhiqizo ye-metabolic kwenziwa ngosizo lwezintambo zomzimba, ezihlanganisa i-placenta kanye ne-ring embilical ye-fetus.
Ukwakhiwa kwentambo ye-umbilical
Kubalulekile, kusukela lapho intambo yomgudu iya khona kumntwana: ku-normally isuka endaweni ephakathi kwe-placenta, yize kungenzeka ukuthi ukuhlukanisa okuncane - kusuka komunye umkhawulo wayo, noma ukunamathiselwe kwekhanda - umthambo wezinhlamvu usuka emagqumeni lapho izitsha ezisuka ku-placenta zilula. Ukubunjwa kwalo kuphelela ngamasonto angu-12, futhi umthamo womzimba usebenza ngaphambi kokuzalwa komntwana. Ngokuvamile ubude bomthamo womugqa obusuka ku-40 kuya ku-70 cm, uma ungaphansi kuka-40 cm, kuyinkambo emfushane ye-umbilical , ngaphezu kuka-70 cm ubude.
Zingaki izitsha okufanele zibe nomtholampilo?
Ngokuvamile, intambo yomzimba inezitsha ezintathu: imishanguzo emibili kanye nomvuthwandaba, phakathi kwezinto ezinamandla kakhulu, okuvimbela ukudluliselwa kwamasongo emgqeni womzimba: i-vartons jelly. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi imikhumbi engu-2 kuphela etholakala emgqeni we-umbilical, ngamacala angu-50% ayithinti lutho nhlobo futhi ingane iqala ngokujwayelekile. Kodwa, uma intambo ye-umbilical inezitsha ezimbili nje kuphela, kubalulekile ukuhlola izinso ze-fetus, ngoba lokhu kungaba isibonakaliso se-anomaly engumzali wezinso, noma kunalokho, isibonakaliso sokungabikho kwesinye sezinso.
I-node emgqeni we-umbilical - iyini?
Esikhathini sokuthuthukiswa kwayo, izidakamizwa ezikhulayo zikhula futhi ziguquguquke ngokweqile nxazonke, futhi kamuva yonke intambo yomzimba iphenduka emoyeni. Ngokukhula okusheshayo kwalezi zitsha, ukwakhiwa kwamakhoyili avela ezitsheni kungenzeka, futhi nge-varicose veins ye-velilical vein, ukukhunjulwa kwe-node-like-thickenings (izintambo zamanga zomthamo we-umbilical). Ngama-nodes amanga, ukugeleza kwegazi emgqeni we-umbilical akuphelelanga.
Ama-node eqiniso omgudu womzimba akhiwa ngesikhathi sokunyakaza komntwana futhi ngesikhathi sokubeletha, kodwa azivami ukuholela emiphumeleni emibi, kuphela ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, iphoyinti eliqinile lingagcina lenze i-atrophy ye-varton jelly futhi ibangele ukwephula ukugeleza kwegazi emthonjeni womzimba.
Yeka ukuthi kuyingozi kangakanani intambo ngezintambo?
Ngesikhathi uphenyo lwama-ultrasound engxenyeni yesibili yokukhulelwa, ngokuvamile i-protocol ibheka ukutholakala kwentambo ye-umbilical eduze kwentamo. Kodwa, evame ukuzungeza ubuso bomntwana, kunezintambo zomzimba ngokuvamile futhi kuyadingeka ukuhlola ukuthi ngabe loop enjalo iphakathi kwentamo. Lokhu akuthenjelwa ngaso sonke isikhathi esifundweni sesimiso, kodwa kubonakala ngokucacile ku-Doppler. Kodwa intambo enezintambo eziningi ngokuvamile ayikho emiphumeleni emibi, uma engekho nezinye izinkinga ngesikhathi sokubeletha, futhi akusikho ukuphikisana nokulethwa kwemvelo. Kodwa isethulo sakhe noma ukuphinda kwe-cord umjikelezo ovela emgodini wokubeletha kuyingozi kakhulu emntwaneni, ngoba ukucindezelwa komgudu womklamo phakathi kwamanzi okubeletha kanye ne-fetus kuholela ekufeni kwe-asphyxia nokufa komntwana ngamaphesenti angama-90%.