I-Yellowstone caldera iyi-volcano enkulu, ukuqhuma kwayo okungashintsha ngokuphelele umhlaba wethu. Ekhuluma ngokuqondile, le calera iyi-funnel enkulu emhlabeni, esekelwe ensimini ye-Yellowstone National Reserve e-United States , eyayiphakathi kwezingxenye zokuqala ezibalwe ohlwini lwezindawo ze-World Heritage ze-UNESCO.
Uphi i-Yellowstone?
Ehlelwe ngo-1872, ipaki yemvelo itholakala enyakatho ye-United States of America endaweni eseduze ye-Wyoming, i-Idaho ne-Montana. Indawo ephelele yenqolobane yi-9,000 km ². Ngezindawo ezikhangayo eziphambili yiyona ndlela emgwaqweni omkhulu othi "Big loop", ubude obungama-230 km.
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Okufanayo Yellowstone Attractions
Ukuvakasha kwepaki kazwelonke kuyimifuziselo yemvelo eyingqayizivele, abameleli bezitshalo nezamyuziyamu ensimini yesigodi.
Ama-Geysers e-Yellowstone
Kunama-3000 geysers epaki. Umthombo we-Steamboat Geyser (i-Steamboat) - enkulu kakhulu emhlabeni. I-Geyser Old Faithful Geyser (Isikhulu Esidala) iyaziwa kabanzi. Waba udumo ngenxa yesimo sakhe esingalindelekile: ngezikhathi ezithile uqala ukujula amanzi kuze kufike ku-40 m phezulu. Ungayithanda i-geyser kuphela kusukela kwesikhulumi sokubuka.
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I-Yellowstone Falls
Ipaki ihlanganisa amachibi amaningi, kanye nemifula. Iqiniso lokuthi imigwaqo yemifula idlula emaphandleni ichaza ukuthi kunezimpophoma ezibaluleke kakhulu - ezingama-290 zazo. Ephakeme kunazo zonke (94 m), futhi ngokuhlanganiswa okukhangayo kunazo zonke izivakashi, i-Waterfall Engaphansi eMfuleni i-Yellowstone.
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I-Yellowstone Caldera
Enye yezinkulu kakhulu endaweni yamachibi eNyakatho ye-North America yindawo yokugcina i-Yellowstone, e-Caldera - intaba-mlilo enkulu e-Yellowstone Park - enkulu kakhulu emhlabeni . Ngokusho kocwaningi ososayensi bezempi iminyaka eyizigidi ezingu-17 umthala-mlilo ukhule okungenani izikhathi eziyi-100, ukuqhuma kwamuva kwenzeka cishe eminyakeni engama-640 000 edlule. Ukuqhuma kwe-Yellowstone kwenzeka ngamandla angacabangeki, ngakho-ke iningi lale ndawo ligcwala amanzi amaningi. Isakhiwo se-volcano singavamile: asinayo i-cone, kodwa imbobo enkulu nge-75x55 km. Esinye isici esinqabile ukuthi i-Yellowstone i-volcano iphakathi nendawo ye-tectonic plate, hhayi ekuhlanganiseni kwama-slabs, njengamaphethelo amaningi.
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Muva nje, kuye kwaba nemibiko yengozi yangempela yokuqhuma emithonjeni yezindaba. Iqiniso liwukuthi kukhona i-lava ebomvu kakhulu ngaphansi kwepaki kazwelonke kunalokho okwakucatshangwa. Ukuqhuma komkhumbi omkhulu we-Yellowstone kwenzeka cishe kanye ngonyaka eminyakeni engama-650-700. La maqiniso alamu ososayensi futhi aphazamise umphakathi. Umsebenzi omkhulu uyakuba yinhlekelele yezwe, ngoba le nhlekelele izofana ne-explosion nyukliya, insimu enkulu yase-United States izokhukhulwa nge-lava, futhi umlotha oshayayo uzothuthuka emhlabeni jikelele. Ukumiswa komlotha emoyeni kuyothinta kakhulu isimo sezulu seMhlaba, sivimbele ukukhanya kwelanga. Eqinisweni, iminyaka eminingana eplanethi kuyoba khona ubusika unyaka wonke, futhi imodeli eyakhelwe kukhompyutha yalo mcimbi ibonise ukuthi, ekubi kakhulu, 4/5 kuyo yonke impilo emhlabeni izofa.
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I-Yellowstone Fauna
Kunezinhlobo ezingu-60 zezidalwa ezincelisayo, ezihlanganisa izinto ezingavamile: i-bison, i-puma, i-baribal, i-wapiti, njll Kukhona nezinhlobo ezingu-6 zezilwane ezinwabuzelayo, izinhlobo ezingu-4 zama-amphibians, izinhlobo ezingu-13 zezinhlanzi nezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-300 zezinyoni, phakathi kwazo ezingavamile kakhulu.
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Ungafika kanjani ku-Yellowstone?
I-Reserve Reserve ihamba ngebhayisikili kusukela e-United States yesikhumulo sezindiza eCody. Kanti futhi kusukela ngoJulayi kuya kuSeptemba, amabhasi okuhamba ngezindiza aphuma eSalt Lake City naseBozeman. Ipaki ivuliwe kulo lonke unyaka wekhalenda, kodwa ngaphambi kohambo kunconywa ukuba uxoxe ngesimo sezulu esibikezelayo, ikakhulukazi njengoba izithuthi zomphakathi zingahambi ngepaki.
