Kunzima ukungavumelani ukuthi i-metro iyindlela elula kakhulu yokuthutha, uma kuneziteshini ezisemgwaqweni ezigcinwe kahle ezikhungweni zezindiza zaseMadrid nasesiteshini sesitimela, futhi empeleni, emadolobheni. Ukuhamba ngezinyawo ngepumalanga yenhloko yaseSpain, mhlawumbe, ukuhamba nge-metro nakho kuphephile futhi kunomnotho, hhayi ngokwezimali kuphela, kodwa nesikhathi sakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye yedolobha laseMadrid nayo iyimyuziyamu yomlando kanye nesikhumbuzo esizobeka uphawu lokugubha iminyaka engamakhulu ayisishiyagalombili eminyakeni engaphansi kweminyaka emihlanu.
Indaba ejulile
Usuku lokuvula umugqa wokuqala wesitimela eMadrid naseSpain yonke - ngo-Okthoba 17, 1919, umgwaqo omude ongamakhilomitha angu-3.5 ohlanganisa iziteshi ezingu-8. Futhi imigudu yayiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ubude bepronsi abuzange budlule ngamamitha angu-60, kanti ububanzi bethrekhi beyi-1445 mm. Ngo-1936 iMetroro yaseMadrid yayivele inemigqa emi-3 futhi ixhunywe esiteshini sesitimela. Phakathi nempi yombango eSpain, iziteshi zasebenza njengendawo yokukhosela ibhomu. Ngo-1944, igatsha lesine lasungulwa, futhi eminyakeni engamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nesithupha edolobheni nasemaphandleni base bexhunyiwe kakade. Ngo-2007, kwavulwa amagatsha amathathu e-"metro elula". Ngakho-ke babiza nge-speed speed trams egijima phezulu, ngezinye izikhathi ehla emhlabathini, lapho kudingekile ukuba uhambisane nezinto zezomnotho.
Esigodini sesitimela saseMadrid kukhona isiteshi esivaliwe - "Chambery", ibizwa ngokuthi isiteshi seghost. Iyingxenye yomzila wokuqala ovulekile, kodwa waqala ukuvuselelwa ngo-1966, ngenxa yalokho okwakusondela esiteshini esilandelayo. Kwavulwa ngo-Mashi 24, 2008 njengamanje njengemyuziyamu engaphansi komhlaba.
I-museum yesibili yangaphansi komhlaba yakhiwa esiteshini "Karpetana" emgqeni 6. Phakathi nenkathi yokulungisa komhlaba usebenza kusukela ngo-2008 kuya ku-2010, Abameleli abaningi bezilwane nezilwane ezihlala endaweni yaseMadrid yesimanje cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-15 ezedlule zitholakale. Ngenxa yalokho, bahlobisa ukushintshwa kwesiteshi.
Okokuqala-wokuqala, I-yesibili
I-Metro Madrid yiyona idolobha elikhulu kunazo zonke eNtshonalanga Yurophu ngemuva kweLondon. Uma uthatha yonke insimu yaseYurophu, ke endaweni yesithathu, okwesibili kuphela eMoscow. Uhlelo olubanzi luhlanganisa imigqa engu-13, kanti lo mkhakha uhanjiswe kamuva nje. Inethiwekhi yedolobha elikhulu ixhuma iziteshi ezingu-327, inezindandatho ezimbili zomsakazo futhi idlulisela abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-600 minyaka yonke.
Indawo yonke yedolobha ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezingu-6, inkulu kunazo zonke endaweni ye-A iyisici somuzi - cishe u-70% wezingqayizivele zamareyili. Izindawo ezisele ziyiNyakatho, eNingizimu, eNtshonalanga, eMpumalanga naseTFM (amadlelo namadolobha ama satellites). Njengezinye izindawo, umzila ngamunye wesitimela uhlukaniswa ngumbala wayo kanye negama. Emgwaqweni waseMadrid, igama linikezwa ekuqaleni nokuphela kokuyeka. Izindandatho zendandatho zilula ukukhumbula: №№ 6 no-12.
Ubude bendawo phakathi kweziteshini cishe ngamamitha angu-800, isitimela ngasinye sinezimoto ezingu-4-5, kodwa emigwaqweni engathandwa kakhulu noma inombolo yobusuku yehla kuya kwezingu-3.
Njalo ngonyaka ekuqaleni kukaSeptember umkhosi we-Flamenco uqhubekela phambili emgwaqweni kwenye yeziteshi. Ngaphambi kwabagibeli izinsuku ezinhlanu, abadlali nabaculi benza, kuyilapho isiteshi singahle sibeke izibukeli kubantu abayizinkulungwane nesigamu.
Ungayisebenzisa kanjani futhi ungalahleki emgwaqweni waseMadrid?
Amahora kaMetro eMadrid - nsuku zonke kusukela ngo-6 ekuseni kuya ku-1: 30 ekuseni. Esikhathini sehora eliphakeme, izikhathi phakathi kwezitimela zingamaminithi amabili kuphela, futhi ngokuvalwa noma ngezimpelasonto sekuvele imizuzu engu-15. Ezindaweni ezihlukene, izikhathi zokuhamba zihlukile. Ukuguqulwa kusuka endaweni eyodwa ukuya kwenye kudinga ukudluliselwa.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukuhamba kwezitimela ngaphansi komhlaba kungakwesokunxele, ngaphandle komugqa we-endaiya-iMadrid, ukuze uye kwenye i-apron kudingekile ukuthi usebenzise ivesi noma isiteji (akuzona zonke iziteshi ezinezilinganiso ze-escalator). Igama elibalulekile ohlelweni lwesitimela "Salida" - elihunyushwe ngegama lesiRussia elithi "ukuphuma". Isiteshi ngasinye sinemephu ehamba ngaphansi komgwaqo futhi sihamba ngezinketho, kanye nencazelo eningiliziwe yezinto ezenziwe ngamabhuloki ambalwa ngaphezulu kwekhanda.
Enye iphuzu elithakazelisayo: akuzona zonke izimoto ezivulekile ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngezinye izikhathi udinga ukucindezela inkinobho, futhi ngisho nangaphansi kwalokho - vula isibambo somnyango, qaphela. Futhi kulezi zimoto azizange zikhishwe njalo esiteshini, ngoba ireferensi yakho kunezintambo ezikhanyayo kanye nephethini yethrafikhi.
Kufanele wazi ukuthi ngaphezu kolimi lwesiSpanishi kusayithi nakuma-terminal terminals ungafaka isiNgisi. Kodwa akusizi ngalutho ukubuka ibalazwe noma uhlelo lwesitimela e-Russian lapho.
Ukuhamba emgwaqweni waseMadrid
Amathikithi athengiswa kakhulu kumahhovisi amathikithi nemishini yokuthengisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imishini yamukela amanothi ephepha, izinhlamvu zemali, ngisho nokukhishwa kweshintsho. Into ewukuthi, ayizinaki i-euro senti, ngakho-ke kuzodingeka ufune olunye uhlelo lwezinto ezincane. Ithikithi idluliselwa phakathi kwe-turnstile, ithathwe kusukela emuva ngemuva kwesitembu somculi. Isikhathi ngasinye, sidlula i-turnstile, uhambo olulodwa luye lwashiywa ithikithi.
Ukuhamba komgwaqo oyedwa ku-€ 1.5, izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-4 zikhululekile. Ekulungele ukuthenga ithikithi ngokushesha ngezinyanga ezingu-10 ezungeze idolobha ngo-€ 11.2, izophuma kahle kakhulu. Ithikithi elinjalo alipheli yisikhathi, futhi lingadluliselwa kwesinye isivakashi. Uma uya esikhumulweni sezindiza, kuzomele ukhokhe imali eyengeziwe engu-€ 1,5 eyengeziwe. Kulezi sitimela, njengombuso, kukhona umlawuli, ongacacisa izindleko zemetro e-Madrid nesikhathi somsebenzi, uma ukhohlwe. Kubalulekile ukugcina ithikithi kuze kube sekupheleni kohambo.
Abavakashi, abafisa ukuhlola izinto ezikhangayo ezihlukahlukene, batusa ukuthenga ithikithi okuthiwa i-Abono Turistico - isitifiketi sokuvakasha kwezinsuku ezingu-1,2,3,5 nezinsuku ezingu-7. Ukuhamba ngezinsuku ezingu-7 kuzodla u-€ 70.80. Isebenza kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokuthutha endaweni ye-A, kuhlanganise. nasemgwaqweni waseMadrid, ngaphandle kwedeksi lomuzi. Uma uthenga ithikithi elinjalo, kubalulekile ukukhombisa
Amaqiniso anentshisekelo:
- emhlabeni jikelele izindandatho ezimbili zomsindo zineMadrid neTokyo kuphela;
- isiteshi esijulile ngamamitha angu-49 ngaphansi komhlaba;
- akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokuthi ungakanani umsebenzi emgwaqweni waseMadrid, ngoba Ngemuva kokuvalwa kwayo emigqeni engaphansi komhlaba, amabhasi akhethekile asebusuku agijima;
- izindawo ezifakwe ngaphansi, uma ukuphakama kwakho kungaphezulu kwe-178 cm - qaphela.