I-New Zealand ayiyona nje iNingizimu neNyakatho Isiqhingi kuphela , kodwa futhi iziqhingi zaseNew Zealand ezingaphansi komhlaba - zihlakazekile ensimini enkulu engamakhilomitha angamakhilomitha ayisishiyagalolunye.
Iziqhingi ezingaphansi komhlaba zihlangene ngamaqembu, ngalinye elibhekene nesimo sezulu esikhethekile, ukuba khona kwezitshalo ezihlukile, izilwane, izinyoni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, zonke iziqhingi ezifakwe emaqenjini azihlali, eziningi zinemikhawulo ekuhambeleni izivakashi.
Masikhumbule kafushane ngeziqhingi ezinkulu zalesi siqhingi, eziseNingizimu neNyakatho. Ngakho-ke, iSouth Island yaseNew Zealand - enkulu kunazo zonke eziyingxenye yezwe. Kodwa-ke, likhaya cishe cishe kwengxenye yesilinganiso sabantu besifundazwe. Kodwa iNorth Island yaseNew Zealand ingaphansi kobukhulu eNingizimu, kodwa liyikhaya labantu abaningi - cishe ngo-75%. Futhi nansi amadolobha amakhulu kakhulu - owokuqala ngobukhulu yi- Oakland , futhi inhloko-dolobha yesibili yezwe iWellington .
Iziqhingi ezingaphansi komhlaba azizona ezikhangayo izivakashi njengeNyakatho neNingizimu, kodwa nazo ziyathakazelisa kakhulu. Zihlanganisa amaqembu alandelayo:
- Izingibe;
- Iziqhingi zaseBounty;
- iziqhingi zama-Antipodes;
- iziqhingi zase-Auckland;
- I-Campbell Island.
Izigibe
Indawo engqikithi yaleli qembu ayidluli amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezintathu. Iziqhingi ezifakiwe akuzona zonke izingxenye zokuphatha zezwe. Umzimba okhethekile wadalwa ukuphatha leli qembu.
Lezi ziqhingi zihlukaniswa yizici ezilandelayo:
- Kuphela lapha kuphila i-Snow Crested Penguin neyodwa ye-subspecies ye-Oakland woodcock;
- Izinyoka yisona eseningizimu yeNew Zealand esiqhingini esilula khona ihlathi;
- Esiseduze yi-Mahuika;
- Izinyoka, njengezinye iziqhingi ezingaphansi kwezwe, ziseLuhlu Lwamagugu Ezwe Lwase-UNESCO.
Iziqhingi zaseBounty
Ngenxa ushokoledi wegama elifanayo, lesi sigodi siyaziwa emhlabeni jikelele. Kodwa-ke, uma isikhangiso sibonisa ipharadesi elifudumele nenhlanzi phakathi kwezinsika, khona-ke izinga lokushisa lokushisa ngenyanga enomfudumalo (ngoJanuwari) alidluli + degrees +11, futhi isimo sezulu ngokwawo sinamandla kakhulu.
Isiqhingi saseBounty sineziqhingi ezingu-13, sihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu:
- Okuyisisekelo;
- Ephakathi;
- EMpumalanga.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-albatross, izimpawu zamapulangwe nama-penguin, azama abazingeli ekuhlanganiseni kwekhulu lama-19 nelama-20.
I-Bounty - ayihlali, ayikho izakhamuzi ezihlala unomphela, ngaphandle kwalabo ososayensi abahlukahlukene abaza ngezikhathi ezithile ukucwaninga.
Antipode Islands
Kutholakala eningizimu-ntshonalanga yezwe. Kanye nezinye iziqhingi ezingaphansi komhlaba azibandakanyi kunoma iyiphi inhlangano yokuphatha-indawo, futhi kubaphathi babo iqembu elithile elihlukile liye ladalwa. Ama-antipodes aseLuhlu Lwamagugu Lomhlaba njengengxenye yeziqhingi ezingaphansi kwe-Antarctic.
Zitholakala ngonyaka we-1800, kodwa, ngokuphawulekayo, hhayi ngabahambi nabahloli bamazwe, kodwa ngamasosha. Umkhumbi othi "Ukuthembela" ngaphansi komyalo weG.Waterhouse waya eNorfolk, futhi endleleni eyaqaphela iqembu elingaziwa leziqhingi.
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Kuphela kamuva bathola igama labo lamanje, elisho ngesiGreki ngokuthi "Ukuphulukisa phansi", futhi kulokhu okulandelayo kubonisa ukuthi lezi ziqhingi zicishe zibe yizinhlobonhlobo eziphikisana noGreenwich. Ngokuthakazelisayo, emabalazweni aseFrance anelinye igama - i-Antipodes yaseParis.
Isimo sezulu lapha asijabulisi kakhulu, kodwa kunzima kakhulu, kodwa lokhu akuvimbeli izinyoni ezihlala eziqhingini: i-anti-Paradise ipharothi kanye nesobho iklabishi likaRisk.
Izinyoni zihlela "amabhazari" wangempela lapha - enomsindo futhi ejabule.
Iziqhingi zase-Auckland
Lezi ziqhingi ziqukethe kuphela iziqhingi ezintaba-mlilo. Abayona ingxenye yendawo ethile yombuso, i-archipelago ingaphansi kokuphathwa komzimba okhethekile.
Ngokuphelele, i-archipelago ihlanganisa iziqhingi eziyisishiyagalombili (hhayi ukubala amatshe athile kanye neziqhingi ezincane), enkulu kunazo zonke i-Adams.
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Azikho izimila ezikhethekile eziqhingini, kuphela utshani nezinkuni ezikhohlisiwe - lesi sici sezihlahla singenxa yemimoya eqinile eqhuma njalo. Ngendlela, isimo sezulu sithinte umhlaba wezilwane - inzuzo yizilwane zasolwandle - izimpawu, izindlovu zasolwandle, ama-penguin.
Kunezinyoni. Yingakho iziphathimandla zaseNew Zealand zanquma ukwakha indawo evikelwe olwandle olwandle.
Namuhla, akekho ohlala eziqhingini zase-Auckland, nakuba imizamo yokuhlela ukulungiswa yenziwa emuva ekhulwini le-19, kodwa isimo sezulu esinzima sabenza bahluleke. Kodwa i-archipelago ivame ukuvakashela ukuqhutshwa kocwaningo, futhi kuma-40s ekhulu lokugcina ngisho nesiteshi sePolar sasikhona.
I-Campbell Islands
Lezi zakhiwo eziqhutshwa yi-volcanic ezingeyona ingxenye yaleso sifundazwe futhi zilawulwa yikhungo esenziwe ngokukhethekile. Kufakwe ohlwini lwezamagugu emhlabeni wonke we-UNESCO.
Ngeshwa, ziyaziwa kakhulu, njengoba imvelo yabo yayonakaliswe kabi yi-umkhumbi we-whalers owafika ogwini - kusuka kuwo amagundane afika eziqhingini futhi wahlala lapha kuze kube sekuqaleni kwawo-2000. Bahlushwa ngamapenguins kanye nezimpungushe, abahlala esiqhingini isikhathi eside.
Eziqhingini, umuthi owodwa kuphela ukhula - i-spyce ye-Sith. Kukholelwa ukuthi yafika ngo-1907, kodwa isimo sezulu esinzima, esinesimo sezulu hhayi umhlaba ocebile kakhulu futhi awuzange uvumele umuthi ukuba ukhule ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-10. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi manje yisihlahla esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni - esiseduzane nayo singaphezu kwamakhilomitha angu-220 ukusuka.
Ekuphethweni
Njengoba ubona, noma yisiphi isiqhingi saseNew Zealand sinomthakazeliso futhi sinomusa kusuka ekubukeni kwezokuvakasha. Ngisho neziqhingi ezingezansi ezingenakunyakaziswa - yebo, zinesimo sezulu esibucayi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinhlobo ezingavamile zezilwane zihlala, futhi izihlahla nezinhlobo ziqinisekisa ukuthi usekugcineni kwezwe, ngemva kwalokho akukho lutho .... Ingabe lokhu akuyona ithuba, uma kungenzeka, ukuvakashela lezi ziqhingi?