I-Cocaine esikhundleni se-anesthetizing nokuphatha nge-mercury: odokotela iminyaka eminingi bafihle kithi lonke iqiniso mayelana nokwelashwa ezibhedlela!
Emagumbini omlando wesintu, singathola amaqiniso ajwayelekile, okukhulunywe ngawo okubangela ukuphazamiseka okuqotho phakathi kwabantu abaphila ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, izindlela zokwelapha, ezazivame ukuthandwa ochwepheshe bezokwelapha eminyakeni eminingi edlule, namuhla kubonakala sengathi zihleka ngempela abantu abagulayo abafake izicelo zabo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-cocaine ne-opium njenge-analgesic
Yiqiniso, izidakamizwa zisetshenziswa odokotela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu. Kodwa uma manje bengaphansi kwe-accounting eqondile, khona-ke i-painkiller ethandwa kakhulu ekuqaleni kwekhulu lokugcina - i-cocaine, yayikelwe ukucindezeleka, ubuhlungu obuncane, izinqubo zokuvuvukala. I-Cocaine yathandwa kakhulu, ngoba i-optometrist yase-Austria uKarl Kohler ithola izakhiwo zakhe zokuhlinzeka izifo futhi yaphakamisa ukuthi iziphathimandla zithengisa ngokukhululekile i-cocaine ngama-pharmacy ngentengo ephansi. Ema pharmacy aseMelika angathengwa ama-5-10 amasentimitha, ngakho-ke wathandwa ngisho naphakathi kwezigqila ezimnyama. Abanikazi babo babejabule ngokuthi umuthi usebenza kanjani kubo. Futhi hhayi nje kuphela: ososayensi bezombusazwe besigamu sokuqala sekhulu lama-XX babhala:
"I-Cocaine iqinisa umoya wabaseMelika ngesinyathelo sabo namandla."
2. Kudla i-mercury
Indaba yokuqala i-mercury iyasiza kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu, owasungulwa yiGibhithe lasendulo. Babekholelwa ukuthi into enobuthi ingaxosha umoya omubi emzimbeni noma ifinyelele ithonya layo kumuntu oyisisulu ngakho-ke yaphoqelela bonke abagulayo ukuba baphuze i-mercury futhi baze bagxilise kuyo izidumbu zamantombazane abanamandla. Phakathi neMinyaka Ephakathi, abalandeli abazange banciphise: Ngokuphambene nalokho, ngokufika kwezifo ezithathelwanayo, i-mercury njengomuthi wabuye waba yindabuko. Usolakala ukuthi wasiza ukuqeda "isifo sofuba" - isifo se-syphilis. Ukuthi isiguli asibekezelelanga ukwelashwa ngesifo esinamandla kunabo bonke, ngokusho odokotela basendulo, kwafakazela ukuthi uzobuya ngokushesha. Akumangalisi ukuthi cishe zonke iziguli zafa, futhi abasindile - babhekene nokugula komqondo.
3. Ukuphuza
U-Hippocrates, oyedwa odokotela odumile kakhulu besikhathi esidala, weza ngombono omkhulu kakhulu wokuthi emzimbeni wegazi lomuntu, i-mucus ne-bile kufanele njalo ilinganiselwe. Isizathu sezo zonke izifo ezaziwayo, ukholelwa ukwephulwa kwalesi silinganiso, okwakuzophathwa ngegazi ngokumese. Ngisho nokuthi isiguli asizange siphile isikhathi eside ngemuva kokuba inqubo ingavimbeli uHippocrates nabalandeli bakhe abageleza kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nane.
4. Hydrotherapy
Emakhulwini e-XVI-XVII amantombazane amancane namadodana amasha asakazeka kakhulu ngale ndlela yokukhipha umsebenzi wesikole, imishado engalingani kanye nezifundo, njengabahlaziyi. Odokotela abanezinsiza ngokushesha basungula indlela yokwelapha abagulayo: isiguli noma umuntu ogulayo wafakwa emgodini wamanzi abandayo noma wathululelwa kusuka enhloko kuya enyaweni. Umuthi wawuphumelela ngempela, kodwa wenza kuphela ngoba akekho owayefuna ukuzwa imizwa enjalo futhi.
5. Ukusetshenziswa kwamagundane afile kanye nokukhiqizwa kokunakekelwa kokwelashwa okuvela kubo
Izilwane emazweni amaningi ngezikhathi ezehlukene zazikhonza njengomuthi wabantu. Esikhathini sase-Elizabethan ngenkathi eNgilandi, odokotela banquma ukuthi amagundane afile anempahla yokubuyisela nokuphulukisa. Ama-corpuscle aqoshiwe asetshenziselwa ukuvula amanxeba, futhi ngaphakathi babesebenzisa unamathisela kusuka emathunjini abo ukuze bathule ukungazinzi kwamathambo noma ama-urinary.
6. Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo ezivela ezilwaneni
Engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu lama-20, udokotela ohlinzayo waseRussia uSerge Voronoff waphoqeleka ukuba athuthele eFrance, ngoba ozakwabo baseRussia abazange bahlanganyele imibono yakhe ngokuhlinzwa. USerge wayekholelwa ukuthi wakhetha indlela yakhe yokutshala izitho zobulili zesilisa, enikeza abamele ubulili obunamandla obusha obusha. Ekuqaleni wazama ukutshala izigcawu zalabo ababoshwa abacebile, kodwa bahluleka ukulala emadodeni, kodwa le ndlela ayiphumelelanga. USerge wathuthela eParis, lapho yena ngokwakhe eyasakaza khona umlando wokuthi ukufakelwa kwamathambo kuzokwenyusa umzimba futhi kukhulise izinga lobungako. Manje wafaka izimbongolo zezintuthwane, kodwa iziguli eziphelelwe yisikhathi zaqaphela ngokushesha ukuthi izimangaliso azikwenzeka.
7. I-Orgasmotherapy
Ama-vibrator ekuqaleni asungulwa hhayi ngokuzijabulisa kwabesifazane. Ekhulwini le-XIX, odokotela babecabanga kakhulu ukuthi ukwaneliseka ngokocansi kungaphulukisa owesifazane onamahloni nokuqothulwa. Okokuqala basebenzisa amafutha emifino ngezidakamizwa zeziguli futhi bawahlanza kuze kube yilapho amantombazane efika e-orgasm. Kodwa odokotela baqala ukukhononda ngokujulile ukuthi le nqubo ivusa kakhulu kubo - futhi ososayensi baba usizo. I-Mechanical, futhi kamuva futhi amathoyizi wezocansi kagesi akhansele isidingo somsebenzi "wobuningi".
8. Umgodi wenyoka
Phakathi namakhulu amaningi eminyaka, isifo esingaqondakali, odokotela baphatha ukukhishwa kwe-exorcism, bakholelwa ukuthi, ngemva kokuxosha imimoya emibi, ungakwazi ukuletha impumuzo kulowo ogulayo. Ukuze babesabise, iziguli azizange zithelwe ngamanzi ashisayo noma zanikezwa i-mercury: akukho ethandwa kakhulu yiyona ndlela yokugcina umuntu phezu komgodi ngezinyoka ezinobuthi. Kwacatshangwa ukuthi imimoya izothuswa ngabo futhi ishiye isidumbu sesisulu ngokushesha.
9. Ukwethuka kwamandla kagesi
Ukwelashwa kwe-electroconvulsive kuyesabisa kangangokuthi kungabonakala kuwo wonke amafilimu ama-horror ama-second. Kwakuqhakaza engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu lama-20, lapho iziguli ezisezibhedlela zengqondo zenziwa nsuku zonke zihanjiswe ukugcizelela kagesi emzimbeni. Ukunikeza lo mkhuba ukuba ube usizo, odokotela babe nobuqili - benza kube lula ngokwabo, hhayi kwabagulayo. "Ukwelashwa" kwezinsuku eziningi ngokushaqeka kwamagesi kwashintsha izisulu zibe yizinto ezibuthakathaka, ezazingadingeki ukuthi zibuke futhi zichithe imali ezidakamizwa ezibizayo kubo.
10. Lobotomy
Namuhla, kunzima ukukholelwa ukuthi i-lobotomy, kanye ne-electroshock therapy, yake yacatshangwa njengendlela yokwelapha eqhubekayo. Kumdokotela owawudalile, i-Egash IsiPutukezi yasePutukezi yanikwa ngisho neNobel Prize. Wakwazi ukuqinisa umphakathi wonke wesayensi ngokuthi ngokususa lobes yangaphambili ebuchosheni kungenzeka ukuxazulula inkinga yezifo zesimiso sezinzwa.
Udokotela waseMelika uWalter Freeman wamukela umqondo wakhe futhi waqala ukushayela izwe lonke nge "lobotomobile", enikeza imisebenzi esheshayo kubo bonke ababhekene nokucindezeleka nezinye izinkinga zesimiso sezinzwa. UWalter akazange aqede lobes yangaphambili: wabeka ummese ukuze aqhube iqhwa ngokusebenzisa isikhwama saso futhi anqume izintambo zomzimba. Kunoma yimuphi umuzi wase-US lapho ahambele khona, kwakukhona abantu ababukeka behamba befile, bengakwazi ukucabanga okuhlakaniphile. Ngemuva kokuhlambalaza okukhulu, indlela yokusebenza isheshayo ivaliwe.