O, lokhu kuyisifo sobuqili! Mangaki amakhemikhali nezindlela abalimi abangacabangi ngazo, futhi umbuzo uhlala uvulekile kuze kube yilolu suku. Inkinga yukuthi ukuvimbela kulula, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda imbangela ebalulekile bese uqala umsebenzi kusukela ekuwa. Lapho zonke izenzo zingenalutho, umuntu kufanele asebenzise ukupomfaza. Futhi lapha kakade wonke umuntu unquma izinga lezingozi ngokwayo, ekhetha ukulungiselela abantu noma izimboni zezimboni. Impela, impendulo yombuzo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyadingeka yini ukuhlanza utamatisi kusuka ku-phytophthora, kuyoba yinto eqinile, kodwa kufanele kwenziwe ngokufanele. Zonke izakhamuzi zasehlobo ziye zahlukaniswa ngamakamu amabili isikhathi eside: eyodwa ikhetha izindlela zokupheka ezizweni kuphela, kuyilapho ezinye zikhetha izindlela eziyingozi zamakhemikhali.
Ukuvikelwa utamatisi ovela kumaphilisi ama-phytophthora abantu
Ake sijwayele uhlu lwezokupheka ezidume kakhulu nezikhathi ezihlolwe ukutshala:
- Enye yezindlela ezinomusa kakhulu ukupheka usawoti. Kodwa kufanelekile kuphela ngesigaba sokuqala. Ngokushesha lapho izithelo zokuqala eziqothuliwe ziqaphela, kubalulekile ukuzisusa kanye namahlamvu ngesikhathi esifushane. Khona-ke ebhaketheni elilodwa lama-litre siphuza ingilazi yesikasawoti. Lokhu kungobungane kunabo bonke abantu, kunokuba ungakwazi ngisho nokufafaza utamatisi: uvele wenze ifilimu noma uthintwa usawoti ovela e-phytophthora, ngaleyo ndlela udale umgoqo okhunjini.
- Isixazululo esithakazelisayo, kunalokho okumele siphambise utamatisi ebusweni bokushisa, ukunikeza igalikhi kusuka ku-phytophthora. Kuvela ukuthi i-fungus yakhe ayithandi. Lokhu kuphelele ihlobo elinemvula enkulu kanye nomswakama ophezulu njengenzuzo. Umsebenzi wakho ukuchoboza izinhloko zikagalikhi bese uwaxuba nge-potassium permanganate: cishe indebe yesiqingatha yalokhu okuhle ibhalwe ibhakede lamanzi. Kuze kube izikhathi ezinhlanu ngesizini njalo emavikini amabili, isilinganiso esilinganiselwe.
- Ngokuvamile ohlwini lwama-oda okuvikela amathisisi omuntu onamathemikhali aqukethe i-serum ne-iodine evela ku-phytophthora. I-whey whey iyakhiwe ngesigamu ngamanzi futhi kusukela ekuqaleni kwesikhathi esishisayo, cishe kusukela ngoJulayi, ungabamba ngokuphepha ngokutshala. Uma ngabe i-serum ayitholakali, ifakwe ubisi futhi ihlanjululwe ngamanzi, ingeza amaconsi angu-15 e-iodine. Konke kuklanyelwe ibhakede lamanzi.
Phytophthora on utamatisi kanye nokuphathwa ngamalungiselelo amakhemikhali
Ngaphambi kokutshala utamatisi ngezilungiselelo zezimboni ezivela e-phytophthora, kubalulekile ukukhumbula iqiniso elilodwa elilula. Konke okukhona kuleli zwe kuyashintsha futhi i-fungus ayiyona into. Uma unquma ukukhishwa okukhulu, kuzodingeka ukuthi uthenge ngokushesha izinhlobo eziningana, njengoba i-fungus ishintshiwe futhi okwesibili isizini amakhemikhali athengwe ngaphambilini angaba namandla.
Ngokuvamile, wonke amakhemikhali amakhemikhali wokwelashwa kwe-phytophthora ahlukaniswe imikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo kanye namafungicides for utamatisi. Iqembu lokuqala libhekwa njengendlela evikelekile. Okuyisisekelo salokho: usitshala lesi sidakamizwa futhi amabhaktheriya kuwo aqala ukwandisa ngenkuthalo, afike endaweni ethintekile abhubhisa i-fungus.
Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukucabangela ukuthi kuwufanele kanjani ukulwa nokulwa phytophthora nge fungicides on utamatisi. I-Phytophthora ukhunta iyinhlamba futhi akuyona iqiniso lokuthi kuyobe isengozini, kodwa impilo yethu iyozanyiswa nakanjani emithini enkulu yemakhemikhali. Phakathi kwazo ngokuvamile kuvela amagama kaKvardis, Hom, Ditan neBravo. Kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwe- Bordeaux ejwayelekile yamanzi noma i-chloride yethusi nakho akukhanseliwe nanoma ubani.
Yini okufanelekile ukuyisebenzisa, unquma. Kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi kungcono ukuvimbela inkinga kunokufuna isisombululo saso esiteshini esivele sengozini yokuvuna. Futhi ngaphambi kokufafaza utamatisi kusuka ku-phytophthors ngamakhemikhali, kufanelekile ukuzama ezinyathelweni zokuqala ukuba ube mnene futhi ungenabungozi kubantu.