- Indawo: 600,000 sq. M. km
- Ukuphakama ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle: 1000 m
"Siphila eZanzibar, eKalahari naseSahara ...". Ubani phakathi kwethu ebuntwaneni bami ongazange afunde le migqa! Futhi ubani ongaphendula, kuphi ihlane laseKalahari, yiliphi izwe?
Akunzima ukuthola intaba yaseKalahari emephini: itholakala ensimini yamazwe amathathu ase-Afrika - iNamibia , iNingizimu Afrika kanye neBotswana, ehlala eningizimu-ntshonalanga ingxenye yokucindezeleka kweKalahar. Ezingxenyeni ezintathu ezinkulu kunazo zonke e-Afrika, i-Kalahari ithatha indawo yesibili enkulu kunazo zonke, endaweni yesibili kuphela eSahara (uma kuqhathaniswa: indawo yaseSahara ingamakhilomitha angama-9,065,000, i-Kalahari ingama-600,000, kanti indawo yesithathu enkulu kunazo zonke eNamib " ).
Ulwazi jikelele
Ngezinye izikhathi ungathola enye idatha endaweni yangaphandle: izibalo zingu-930 000 sq. M. km. Nokho, eqinisweni, lokhu akuyona indawo yehlane, kodwa indawo yesitsha esetshenziswa yiCalahar Sands, ebizwa ngokuthi iMega-Kalahari. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi indawo yomgwaqo kanye nebhasinini yanda kancane kancane; Isitsha, ngaphezu kweNamibia, eBotswana naseRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika, sithatha ingxenye ye-Angola neZambia.
Inhlabathi yaseKalahari ine-fertility ephansi kakhulu. Zakhiwa ikakhulukazi ngamatshe esichotho. Ngombala wayo obomvu, ohlukanisa ngokucacile isithombe seKalahari kusuka kwezinye izindawo eziqothuliwe, izihlabathi zibangelwa okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwensimbi yensimbi. E-Kalahari kunezinhlayiya zamalahle, idayimane nethusi.
"Inhloko-dolobha" engavumelekile yaseKalahari yidolobha laseBotswana laseGanzi. Esigodini saseKalahar, eduze nomngcele wehlane oqobo, iyinhloko-dolobha yaseNamibia, idolobha laseWhohohoek .
Indawo eyaziwayo yaseKalahari eNamibia yiKalahari-Gemsbok National Park ; liphakathi kwemingcele yeNamibia neBotswana.
Isimo sezulu
Ezingxenyeni ezahlukene ze Kalahari kuvela kuma-250 mm (eningizimu naseningizimu-ntshonalanga) kuya ku 1000 mm (enyakatho) yemvula ngonyaka. Iningi lazo liphuma ehlobo ngezihlobo zemvula; Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka ebusuku noma ngokushesha ngemva kwemini, futhi imvula ivame ukuhambisana nezivunguvungu. Ukuqaphela konke ubuhle beKalahari kungaba nje ngenkathi yemvula.
Ilanga limi phakathi nesikhathi semini eliphezulu phezulu phezulu, ngisho nasebusika. Ngenxa yomswakama ophansi wamafu phezu kweKalahari cishe akalokothi kwenzeke. Ehlobo umoya uqhuma kuze kufike ku-35 ° C noma ngaphezulu emini, inhlabathi iyashisa kakhulu kangangokuthi ngisho nabendawo abakwazi ukuhamba bengenazicathulo lapha. Nokho, ngenxa yobuningi obuphansi, ukushisa kudluliselwa kalula.
Amazinga okushisa ebusuku ngisho nasehlobo aphansi kakhulu - azungeze + 15 ... + 18 ° С. Ebusika, ebusuku, i-thermometer yehlela ku-0 ° C, futhi ikhuphukela ku-20 ° C nangaphezulu emini.
I-Kalahari Rivers
Umfula odume kakhulu yiKalahari - Okavango; iyaziwa ngokuyinhloko ngoba ayihambi ndawo: kuyo yonke indlela yayo ende (ubude bomfula buyi-1600 km, buyingxenye yesine eNingizimu Afrika ubude), i-Okavango ilahlekelwa ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-95%, okuvele kuphumele emhlabathini.
Umfula uphela emaxhaphozini enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye Kalahari. I-Okavango iyingxenye yomngcele ophakathi kweNamibia neBotswana. Futhi ngesikhathi semvula, igcwalisa amanzi alo neLake Ngami. Kukhona nezinye imifula eKalahari: i-Nosop, i-Molopo ne-Avob. Bagcwalisa amanzi kuphela ngenkathi yemvula, futhi ngezinye izikhathi bayomisa.
Kukhona namachibi lapha: eMaggadikgadi kukhona indawo echibi elikhulu elifanayo, elilodwa lamachibi amakhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni wonke, kanye neziqongo zaseSoa naseNetvetve.
Izwe lemifino ehlane
Eqinisweni, i-Kalahari ayilona ugwadule ngendlela ejwayelekile yegama. Kungcono esikhundleni se-savan, lapho izitshalo ze-xeromorphic zikhula khona. Nazi izinhlobo ezivamile:
- ohn;
- i-antelpy ikhukhamba;
- i-crotalia;
- ziziphus;
- i-grreece;
- ukugcina;
- hudiya gordony;
- ubusikazi obomvu obomvu;
- umuthi womalusi.
Izindawo ezinkulu zihlanganiswe ne-watermelon tsam yasendle. Bavame ukusindisa abantu nezilwane ukuba bome.
Izilwane ze-Kalahari
Izilwane zasendle zihluke kakhulu kunezitshalo zalo. Izilwane "eziyinhloko" zaseKalahari ziyizingonyama. Kukhona nezilwane ezincane lapha: izingwe, amahyen, amahlumela aseNingizimu Afrika. Futhi ehlane bahlala izilwane ezinjengokuthi:
- isilwane sama marsupial;
- inja endizayo;
- i-zebra;
- inkonyane;
- isirafu;
- ama-antelopes - i-wildebeest ne-jumpers;
- oqinile.
Kodwa amakamela aseKalahari ayatholakali. Kodwa lapha ungabona izinyoni eziningi ezihlukene, kanye nezilwane ezihuquzelayo - izinyoka nezilonda.
Abantu
Ehlane kukhona izizwe eziningana. Bushmen Kalahari baphila ngokuzingela nokuqoqa.
Ungafika kanjani ku-Kalahari?
Akuyona efiselekayo ukuya ehlane uqobo; kungcono ukuthenga uhambo olulungile. Ngokuvamile kufaka ukuhambela hhayi kuphela kuKalahari, kodwa nakwehlane laseNamib.