I-phraseology ye "Achilles" isithende "yanikelwa emhlabeni ngamaGreki asendulo. Umlando wesosha omncane kakhulu we-Trojan War, Achille, wanikeza inkolelo yesibindi sakhe esingavamile nokufa okungavamile ngenxa yomcibisholo esithendeni. Emakhulwini eminyaka, le nkulumo izuze ukuhumusha okusha nokwengezwa, namuhla incazelo yayo iphakamisa izinguqulo eziningana.
Iyini isithende se-Achilles?
Uyini "isithende" se-Achilles? Ekuqaleni, lokhu ku-aphorism kwahlushwa, njengokuthi "iphuzu elibuthakathaka, indawo engengozini" yomuntu, kwakusho ukuthi, kokubili ngokokuziphatha nangokomzimba. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le nkulumo ithole izincazelo eziningi:
- Isici somlingiswa esibangela impilo yabanye.
- Ukungapheleli ekuphathweni kwezindaba.
- Iphutha elifihliwe, liboniswe emzuzwini ongalindelekile kakhulu.
- Isici esingabalulekile esingasongela isizathu esibaluleke kakhulu.
Izazi zezenhlalakahle zaze zaba nombono onjenge "Achill isithende sebhizinisi lanamuhla". Okokuqala kulo mqondo, kuphela amaphutha enkampanini acatshangwa. Esifomini samanje esithi "Achilles" isithende "- incazelo yezinhlamvu zemibhalo ihlanganisa imibono enjalo:
- Indawo engalungile, engabangela ukukhishwa kwebhizinisi.
- Izisebenzi ezimbi noma abaphathi, izenzo zabo ezithinta umsebenzi weqoqo kanye nemisebenzi yesakhiwo sonke.
Uphi i-Achilles 'isithende?
Encwadini yokubhekisela kwezokwelapha le nkulumo ibuye ibe nendawo yayo, njengegama. Isithende se-Achille singenye yezintuthwane ezinamandla kunazo zonke emzimbeni womuntu, okuphezu kwesithende. Ngesizo salo, i-triceps imisipha ye-shin ihlanganiswe ne-calcaneus futhi ingenye yezindawo ezimele kakhulu. Ukuvela kobuhlungu emalenzeni ase-Achille 'isithende bahlobanisa nalokhu:
- imithwalo esindayo;
- indawo engalungile yonyawo ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa;
- izicathulo ezingakhululekile;
- ukwehlisa ukuqina.
Ubani u-Achilles?
Ubani u-Achille eGreece lasendulo? Inganekwane imbiza ngokuthi yindodana yonkulunkulukazi waseLwandle, uThetis, owenza lo mfana angenakuvuswa, ngenxa yomlilo namanzi aseStyx. Ubaba weqhawe wayeyinkosi yamaParmidonian Peleus, owayeka umkakhe ukuba anzima kanzima indodana yakhe, futhi unkulunkulukazi, ephindiselela, wanikeza ingane imfundo ye-centaur Chiron. Lapho impi neTroy iqala, uTestis wayazi ukuthi u-Achilles ngeke abuyele ephilile, wazama ukuyifihla, kodwa amaGreki akwazi ukukhohlisa le nsizwa, ekwazi ukuthi ngaphandle kwakhe babengenakuwina.
Ku-War War Achilles yaziwa kakhulu empini eziningi, yedwa yahlula amadolobha aseLyrness, ePedas nasezweni lakubo laseAndromache laseThebes, iMethimna eLesbos. Omunye wabavikeli abakhulu bakaTroy Hector, nakuba lokhu kunqoba, ngokusho kokubikezelwa konkulunkulu, kwakuwuphawu lokufa kwakhe. Ukufa okudabukisayo kuka-Achilles futhi wadala inkulumo ethi "Achilles 'isithende", okwaba uphawu lwezindawo eziyingozi.
Izinganekwane zaseGrisi lasendulo - isithende se-Achille
Iyiphi inkolelo yamaGreki asendulo eyanikeza lesi sici? Lona ngumlando ngeyodwa yamaqhawe amakhulu ase-Achilles, owaziwa ngokungahlaselwa kwakhe. Umama wakhe, iThetis, ngokusho komunye oyedwa, ebusuku waqhubeka ekucima ingane ngomlilo, futhi nge-ntambama i-ambrosia ebanjwe. Ngokombiko wesibili, unkulunkulukazi wafaka umntwana emanzini angenakufa e-Styx, ebambe isithende, le ndawo yashiywa engavikelekile emanxebeni abulalayo. U-Achilles wayengomunye wamaqhawe amancane kakhulu empini yeTroy, odumile ngesibindi sakhe esikhulu.
Lapho amaTrojans eqala ukuhlukumezeka, u-Apollo wavuka wawaqondisa umculi weTroy Paris umcibisholo we-Achilles, lapho ekhuphuka emnsalo, emi emadolweni. Lelilonda kuleso simo kuphela esibuthakathaka saba yingozi kule hero. Isithende se-Achilles iyinkolelo-mbono exwayisa nokuthi ukunganakwa nokuziqhenya ngokweqile kungabhekana nemiphumela ebuhlungu.
Ubani owahlula i-Achilles?
Izinganekwane zagcina igama lomuntu owabulala i-Achilles - enye yamaqhawe adumile e-War War. UParis wayeyindodana kaHecuba kanye nenkosi kaTroy Priam, owayeyaziwa ngesibindi sakhe. Ukuzalwa kwakhe kwathembisa ukufa kukaTroy, futhi ubaba wakhe waphonsa umntwana eNtabeni i-Ide, kodwa umntwana akazange afe, wakhuliswa abelusi. Lapho ekhula, wabuyela ekhaya, ngaphambi kokuba akwazi ukunqoba unkulunkulukazi u-Aphrodite , eqaphela ukuthi unhle kakhulu. I-Tsarevich yenza i-Trojan War, inqobe uMeneus umka-Elena. Yiba nesibindi ngesibindi ezindongeni zaseTroy. Nguye owashaya Achilles esithende futhi wakwazi ukushaya hero enkulu kunazo zonke zamaGreki.