I-Chufut-Kale eyaziwa kakhulu iseduze neBakchisaray futhi ibhekwa njengenye yezinto ezikhangayo, kanye nendlu kaKhan , ezikhathini zasendulo yayibizwa nge-Kyrk-Or, okuhunyushwa ngokuthi "ama Fort Fort Fortress". Namuhla ibizwa ngokuthi "idolobha lamaJuda". Umlando walezi zindawo ubudala kakhulu kunokuba ubonakale.
I-Chufut-Calais: umlando
Emuva ngekhulu le-13, isizwe esinamandla kunazo zonke se-Alans sasihlala enqabeni. Izakhamuzi zisebenza kwezolimo, zithengiswa ngamazwe angomakhelwane. Kodwa ngokushesha lesi sizwe sabanjwa yi-Golden Horde. Yilapho leyo nqaba ibizwa nge-Kyrk-Or. Indawo kanye namandla enqabeni yahlonishwa futhi u-khan wokuqala wabeka indawo yakhe lapho.
Ngemuva kwamaKhanishi aseCrimea ayehlelwe kabusha eBakhchisarai, iChufut-Kale yaba yidolobha eliyinhloko-dolobha nendawo yokuboshwa kwabathunjwa. Kamuva maphakathi nekhulu le-17 amaTatars asuka eKirik-Or, amaKaraite kuphela ahlala. AmaTatar ayibheka amaJuda, ngoba lo muzi wawuqanjwe ngokuthi iChufut-Kale (inqaba yamaJuda). Inqaba yaseChufut-Kale yaba ikhaya lamaKaraite eminyakeni engamakhulu amabili ezayo.
Kamuva, ngemva kokungena eCrimea eRussia, amaKaraite athiwa abalandeli, okwabanika ilungelo lokuthola izikhulu zamabutho empi. Manje akekho owayebheka njengamaJuda. Ngaleso sikhathi idolobha laseChufut-Kale laqala ukungabi nalutho. Izakhamuzi zathuthela kancane eBakhchisaray, Evpatoria naseSimferopol. Abokugcina bezakhamuzi zakhona bashiya izindawo zabo zokuzalwa ngo-1852.
Chufut-Calais: kanjani ukufika lapho?
Uma unquma ukuvakashela lezi zindawo ezithakazelisayo kakhulu, ungathola kalula izixhumanisi ze-Chufut-Kale ngosizo lwemephu yeKrimea. Idolobha lihlala ku-3.5 km empumalanga yeBakchisaray. Itholakala enqabeni ye-mountain spur futhi ingafinyelelwa kuphela ngezinyawo.
Emadolobheni omhume waseChufut-Kale uhola izitebhisi ezinde zezinyathelo ezingu-480. Okokuqala ungabona amangqamuzana equnyiwe edwaleni. Lawa angama-chapel, ama-chapel kanye nokuqhutshwa okuphelele kwezitebhisi ezizungezile.
Khona-ke ufika esigodini sokugcina lapho isithonjana esidumile sitholakala khona. Okulandelayo, iya endlini yezindela zase-Uspensky ngaseChufut-Kale. Kusendaweni yezindela umgwaqo uholela ensimini yezithelo, bese ufika esiqongweni sezintaba. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubonakala sengathi inqwaba yezintaba iyalenga, futhi indlela iholela emasangweni omuzi. Ngena esangweni likaChufut-Kale lingakhanjwa kuphela, njengoba umzila usuqinisile, futhi indlela evuliwe isuke ihlukumezeka kakhulu. Ngisho nezicathulo kufanele zithathwe zilula, ukuze zingadluli phansi esibukweni, zigcwala ngamatshe aqhekezayo.
Ukuhamba okufushane kwedolobha lomhume waseChufut-Kale
Ukungena kwedolobha kuphakathi kwamasango aseNingizimu Kuchuk-Kapu. Ngezinye izikhathi babizwa ngokuthi "yimfihlo", ngoba ungabona kuphela. Ngandlela-thile, la masango yisicupho. Iqiniso liwukuthi ungasondela kubo kuphela ngehlangothini lakho lokunene. Njengoba wazi, isihlangu sasibanjwe ngakwesobunxele, ngoba eduze kodonga isitha sasingenakuzivikela ngokuphelele. Lokhu kwasetshenziswe izakhamuzi zedolobheni: baduduza isitha ngemicibisholo edongeni. Awukwazi ukushaya isango ngenqama, ngoba ukwehla kuyisiphepho. Futhi uma kungenzeka ukuba aphule, ngemuva kokuhlaselwa isitha sitholakale nomgudu omncane. Kwakwanele ukuphonsa amatshe amakhulu noma uthele amanzi abilayo ezinhloko zezitha.
Enye yezindawo ezikhangayo edolobheni laseChufut-Kale liwumthombo. Itholakala eningizimu yesikwele esikhulu futhi i-tank isuke iqonde ngqo edwaleni. Izindlela zihlelwe ngendlela yokuthi ukugeleza kwamanzi emvula kuhlale emthonjeni. I-sump emibili yadliwa eduze. Izindawo lapha azizinamanzi, ngakho-ke amanzi alethwe edolobheni emithonjeni eseduze.
Kwakukhona futhi imfihlo ejulile edolobheni. Ngesikhathi sokuvinjezelwa, kwakungenxa yalomthombo ukuthi amanzi anikezwe izakhamuzi. Kamuva, lapho inqaba ilahlekelwa umthetho wayo wokulwa, ulwazi mayelana nomthombo lalahleka. Ulwazi olufihlekile ludlulile kusukela esizukulwaneni kuya esizukulwaneni kuphela abagcini bomthetho nabadala bomuzi.
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