Ngaphansi komqondo wezinhliziyo ze-pulmonary kuqondwa ukuthi kunezimpawu eziyinkimbinkimbi ezivela ekuguleni kwesigxile senhliziyo. I-ventricle ne-atrium zanda futhi zandiswa ngenxa yenkinga ekhuphuka emjikelezweni omncane wokujikeleza, okukhushulwa izifo zamaphaphu kanye ne-bronchi.
Amafomu wezinhliziyo zamapulmonary
Kuye ngokuthi ngokushesha ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo yalesi sifo kubonisa kanjani, kuyisiko ukuyihlukanisa ibe:
- i-acute - iqala ngokuzumayo, ngokuqondile ngamahora ambalwa;
- ukuhlukumezeka - ukwanda kwezimpawu zokwanda kwe-ventricle efanele kanye ne-atrium kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwamasonto ambalwa;
- okungapheli - kwenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sezifo ezinkulu zesimiso sokuphefumula futhi uzivelele ezinyangeni ezimbalwa noma eminyakeni embalwa.
Isifo senhliziyo esingapheliyo
Ngokufanayo, ifomu elingapheli le-etiology lihlukaniswa kanje:
- Ifomu leBronchopulmonary. Kwenzeka ngokumelene nemvelaphi yezilonda eziyinhloko zesimiso sokuphefumula (i-emphysema, i- asthma ye-bronchial , i-bronchitis yokuvimbela, i-pneumoconiosis, isifo sofuba, njll).
- Ifomu le-Vascular. Kubangelwa i-lesion eyinhloko yezikebhe zamapulmonary (izicubu zomzimba, i-pulmonary embolism, isifo sokuqina kwamathambo e-arterium artery, njll).
- Ifomu le-Thoracodiaphragmatic. Kubangelwa izilonda eziyinhloko zesifo noma isifuba, okuphazamisa ukuphuza umoya kwamaphaphu (kyphoscoliosis, poliomyelitis, ukukhuluphala, ukuphefumula komzimba, njll).
Maduzane, odokotela baye baphawula ukuthi amacala okukhubazeka ohlangothini lwesokudla senhliziyo ngenxa ye-pulmonary embolism (PE) seye yaba njalo, futhi iziguli ezinesifo se-ischemic, izifo zenhliziyo ngenxa ye-rheumatism ne-hypertension zisengozini.
Inhliziyo ye-pulmonary eqondile
Ukwanda kwesikhashana kwezimpawu kuholela ku:
- ukuhlaselwa kwesifo se-asthma;
- i-valve pneumothorax;
- i-PE enkulu;
- i-pneumonia enzima.
Ngokuvamile, inhliziyo ye-pulmonary iba nesimo sokuhlukumezeka, esivame ukuphindaphindiwe kwamagatsha amancane emithini yamapulmonary ngenxa ye-myasthenia gravis, i-botulism, i-lymphangitis, ama-parasites, njll.
Izimpawu zenhliziyo yamapulmoni zikhula ngokungazelelwe esigulini esingakaze sikhononde ngaphambili. Esifubeni, kukhona ubuhlungu, kukhona isikhumba esino-cyanotic, ukuphelelwa umoya okuncane nokujabula okukhulu. Kungakapheli imizuzu embalwa noma isigamu sehora, i-edema ye-pulmonary kanye nesimo sokuthuthumela. Uma igulisa isiguli, isiguli sibhekene nosizi, imivimbo yomlomo wesibeletho ikhula. Uma isiguli singasisi masinyane, kungenzeka ukuthi i-infarction yamaphaphu iyakwazi. Isiguli siqala ukukhwehlela ngokuhlukana kwe-sputum negazi, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo landa, imisindo enomsindo omanzi izwakala phezu kwamaphaphu ethintekile.
Izimpawu zenhliziyo ye-subacute ye-pulmonary zibhekene nokuphelelwa amandla, i-hemoptysis, ukuphefumula, ukuphazamiseka okuvamile.
Isifo senhliziyo esingapheliyo
Ukukhubazeka kwale fomu kuqala ngezigaba ezimbili: isinxephezelo kanye nokukhokha imali.
Esikhathini sokuqala, isiguli siyathukuthela ngezimpawu zesifo esiyinkimbinkimbi, futhi kancane kancane uhlangothi olunene lwenhliziyo luyanda, oluhambisana ne-pulsation phezulu kwesisu, ukuphefumula.
Esikhathini sokudambiswa kwenhliziyo inhliziyo ye-pulmonary ibhekene nobuhlungu esifubeni, i-cyanosis (i-cyanosis), ukuvuvukala kwemivilini yomlomo wesibeletho, hhayi nje ekuphumeni komzimba, kodwa nangokuphefumulelwa, ukwandiswa kwesibindi, i-edema yedolobha.
Ukwelashwa kwesifo senhliziyo
Esimweni esibucayi se-pathology yesiguli, kuyadingeka ukuvuselela futhi ukwenza i-massage ye-heart, umoya we-ventilation noma intubation. Kamuva, ususe ngokucophelela i-thrombus, evala umthamo.
Lapho ukwelashwa izinhliziyo ezingapheli, ukugcizelela kugcizelelwe ukwelashwa kwesifo esiyinkimbinkimbi, futhi kulwa nezimpawu ezisebenzisa ama-bronchodilators, ama-analeptics okuphefumula, i-glucocorticoids (uma kwenzeka i-decompensation). Ngokwehluleka kwenhliziyo misela izidakamizwa kanye nama-glycosides.